Photo #: ISS024-E-10162 Date: Jul. 2010 Geographic Region: TURKEY Feature: GULF OF IZMIT,IZMIT,GOLCUK,BAHCECIK |
Gulf of Izmit, Turkey One of the most industrialized areas of Turkey lies at the eastern edge of the Sea of Marmara, at the end of the Gulf of Izmit. The long, narrow waterway provides ship access to the cities of Izmit and Golcuk. This astronaut photograph highlights the metropolitan area of Izmit along the northern and eastern shores. Commercial and industrial centers--including petroleum refineries and automobile factories--are recognizable by large structures with white rooftops. The city of Izmit, then known as Nicomedia, was part of the Roman Empire and served as its easternmost capital before Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) assumed that role in 330 AD. Izmit is located approximately 83 kilometers (52 miles) to the east-southeast of Istanbul. The smaller city of Golcuk on the southern shoreline of the Gulf is the location of a Turkish naval facility and another automobile factory. Both urban areas are built primarily on flat lowlands adjacent to the Gulf, with green vegetation marking highland areas to the north of Izmit and south of Golcuk. Both the Izmit and Golcuk areas were severely damaged by a magnitude-7.4 earthquake on August 17, 1999, that resulted in over 17,000 fatalities. The earthquake occurred along the North Anatolian strike-slip fault that extends roughly east-west beneath the Gulf of Izmit. |
Images: | All Available Images Low-Resolution 272k |
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Mission: | ISS024 |
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Roll - Frame: | E - 10162 |
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Geographical Name: | TURKEY |
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Features: | GULF OF IZMIT,IZMIT,GOLCUK,BAHCECIK |
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Center Lat x Lon: | 40.8N x 29.9E |
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Film Exposure: | N=Normal exposure, U=Under exposed, O=Over exposed, F=out of Focus |
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Percentage of Cloud Cover-CLDP: | 10 |
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Camera:: | N2 |
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Camera Tilt: | 32 | LO=Low Oblique, HO=High Oblique, NV=Near Vertical |
Camera Focal Length: | 180 |
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Nadir to Photo Center Direction: | SE | The direction from the nadir to the center point, N=North, S=South, E=East, W=West |
Stereo?: | Y=Yes there is an adjacent picture of the same area, N=No there isn't |
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Orbit Number: | 3043 |
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Date: | 20100731 | YYYYMMDD |
Time: | 104722 | GMT HHMMSS |
Nadir Lat: | 41.9N |
Latitude of suborbital point of spacecraft |
Nadir Lon: | 28.3E |
Longitude of suborbital point of spacecraft |
Sun Azimuth: | 200 | Clockwise angle in degrees from north to the sun measured at the nadir point |
Space Craft Altitude: | 187 | nautical miles |
Sun Elevation: | 65 | Angle in degrees between the horizon and the sun, measured at the nadir point |
Land Views: | FAULT |
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Water Views: | GULF, SEA |
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Atmosphere Views: | |
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Man Made Views: | |
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City Views: | |
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Photo is not associated with any sequences |
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