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  Image: Geographic Location Direction Photo #: ISS042-E-101371 Date: Jan. 2015
Geographic Region: RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Feature: KAMCHATKA, BOLSHAYA AND OPALA VOLCANOES

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  Southern Kamchatka Volcanoes, Russia

Crews aboard the International Space Station took this snowy view of two volcanoes in Russia's Far East. The image is centered on the Bolshaya Ipelka volcano that measures 40 km (25 miles) wide at its base--considered by geologists to be the largest volcanic structure in southern Kamchatka. But this older volcano is inactive with deep valleys along its flanks that were excavated by glaciers flowing radially out from the summit zone during the ice ages of the last two million years. The summit is the most severely eroded part of the original cone and originally had a much higher elevation than its present altitude of 1155 m (3785 feet). By contrast, the much smaller Opala stratovolcano--the cone only measures 14.5 km (9 miles) across at the base--is still active (it last erupted about 300 years ago) and therefore shows the classic cone shape. In this uneroded state Opala reaches a much greater altitude (2475 m, 8120 feet) than Bolshaya Ipelka. The summit is high enough that on this day it was obscured by a small cloud.



Over the years ISS crews have imaged several volcanoes in this volcanically active part of the world. Low sun angles give dramatic three dimensional shots--such as
Kronotsky and Avachinsky. In some cases eruption activity can be subtle when seen from orbit. Other cases show dramatic eruptions such as those at Shiveluch and Kliuchevskoi.


 
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Images: All Available Images Low-Resolution 108k
Mission: ISS042  
Roll - Frame: E - 101371
Geographical Name: RUSSIAN FEDERATION  
Features: KAMCHATKA, BOLSHAYA AND OPALA VOLCANOES  
Center Lat x Lon: 52.7N x 157.2E
Film Exposure:   N=Normal exposure, U=Under exposed, O=Over exposed, F=out of Focus
Percentage of Cloud Cover-CLDP: 10
 
Camera: N6
 
Camera Tilt: HO   LO=Low Oblique, HO=High Oblique, NV=Near Vertical
Camera Focal Length: 500  
 
Nadir to Photo Center Direction: W   The direction from the nadir to the center point, N=North, S=South, E=East, W=West
Stereo?:   Y=Yes there is an adjacent picture of the same area, N=No there isn't
Orbit Number:  
 
Date: 20150106   YYYYMMDD
Time: 233005   GMT HHMMSS
Nadir Lat: 51.7N  
Latitude of suborbital point of spacecraft
Nadir Lon: 164.3E  
Longitude of suborbital point of spacecraft
Sun Azimuth: 157   Clockwise angle in degrees from north to the sun measured at the nadir point
Space Craft Altitude: 218   nautical miles
Sun Elevation: 13   Angle in degrees between the horizon and the sun, measured at the nadir point
Land Views: VOLCANO  
Water Views: ICE  
Atmosphere Views:  
Man Made Views:  
City Views:  
Photo is not associated with any sequences


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